Još jedna obljetnica (tranzistor)
23 Decembra 1947 u Bell Laboratoriji, Morray Hill, USA prvi put je svijetu predstavljena napravica koja će promijeniti svijet telekomunikacija i elektronike.
Te daleke 1947 godine William Shockley, John Bardeen i Walter Brattain su predstavili svijetu svoj uredjaj napravljen nekoliko dana prije (16 Decembra), a koji je po njihovim riječima bio zamljena za tadašnje lampaške triode, mnogo kompaktniji, napravljen od germanijuma i jeftiniji prema njihovim riječima trebao je zamijeniti te tadašnje glomazne i skupe uredjaje.
Naći ime za tu wonder spravicu je bio poseban problem (imena kao "Semiconductor Triode", "Solid Triode", "Surface States Triode", "Crystal Triode" and "Iotatron", su bila predlagana) medjutim glasanjem je izabran naziv tranzistor (kao predlog John R. Pierce-a poznatog inžinjera Bell Lab staff-a).
Quote:
Originally Posted by Bell Labs
Transistor. This is an abbreviated combination of the words "transconductance" or "transfer", and "varistor". The device logically belongs in the varistor family, and has the transconductance or transfer impedance of a device having gain, so that this combination is descriptive.
—Bell Telephone Laboratories — Technical Memorandum (May 28, 1948)
Interesantno je znati da uredjaji slični tranzistoru su i prije bili patentirani medjutim nisu pokrenuli nikakvo interesovanje
Quote:
Originally Posted by wikipedia
The first three patents for the field-effect transistor principle were registered in Germany in 1928 by physicist Julius Edgar Lilienfeld, but Lilienfeld published no research articles about his devices, and they were ignored by industry. In 1934 German physicist Dr. Oskar Heil patented another field-effect transistor. There is no direct evidence that these devices were built, but later work in the 1990s show that one of Lilienfeld's designs worked as described and gave substantial gain. Legal papers from the Bell Labs patent show that Shockley and Pearson had built operational versions from Lilienfeld's patents, yet they never referenced this work in any of their later research papers or historical articles. The Other Transistor, R. G. Arns
Bell je odmah pokrenuo proizvodnju u svom pogonu Western Electric. Allentown, Pennsylvania, a zaslužni izumitelji su 1956 godine (William Bradford Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Houser Brattain) dobili Nobelove Nagrade upravo zahvaljujući ovom izumu.
Ostalo je istorija.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor
